What is social isolation
Social isolation refers to the absence or infrequency of social interactions, such as having few people to talk to or low participation in group activities. It is different from loneliness, which is the subjective feeling of being alone. One out of every five older adults doesn't have regular contact with others. In older adults, particularly those living alone or with mobility limitations, social isolation is a prevalent and under recognized concern. People who are socially isolated are more likely to experience health problems. They have a higher chance of developing cardiovascular diseases or depression, and are also more likely to need care in a nursing home. Being socially isolated can be just as harmful to someone's health as smoking.
How social isolation affects the body
Social isolation and frailty in older adults often go hand in hand and can make each other worse. When older people are lonely, they are more likely to become physically weaker. In turn, when they are already physically weaker, they might pull back from social life because they are tired or have trouble moving. This creates a cycle that can speed up the loss of independence and overall health. Studies show that people who are socially isolated are more likely to be less active, not eat well, feel depressed, or have signs of physical stress in their bodies
What can be done
On the bright side, social isolation is not something we just have to accept, it can be changed. Community programmes that combine movement, social time, and mental activity can help. For example, going to a group exercise class, then staying afterwards for a chat or a coffee, can boost both physical and emotional wellbeing. Other helpful options include joining a local hobby group or volunteering in the neighbourhood.